Criminal Invesigations Essay Example for Free

Criminal Invesigations Essay The purpose of this research paper is to show the role, function, nature and responsibility of the criminal investigator. The Methods Used and the Interpretation of the Collection of Physical Evidence and Understanding of the Sources of Information will be explained within this paper. The Role, Function, Nature and Responsibility of the Criminal Investigator The criminal investigator has specific roles and function within their organization. The duty of a crime scene investigator is to try to assemble and bring together multiple events, information, and interpretations of a crime scene to make it one big picture. Based on physical evidence, testimonies of eyes witnesses, suspects, and the victim he will create scenery to figure out what has happened. He or she is creating a hypothesis in what happen before the crime scene occurred and after. All evidence found in all cases by the investigator has full understanding and knowledge of it in order to be an effective investigator (Physical Evidence). The mentality of an investigator has to have interest, observative, and have the ability to write down everything that is going on. While on a crime scene he or she will notice what is wrong in the crime scene. For instance, the investigator notices that everything in a home is taken out and thrown on the floor in which the investigator can tell the crime scene is a burglary. In the investigative world, not only each individual investigator learns from each case they take up but from each other. While learning from each other they have to be opened minded and have doubt in order not to interfere with the facts of the case. The job of a criminal investigator has high levels of critical thinking (Police). The Methods Used and the Interpretation of the Collection of Physical Evidence When the investigator is called onto a crime scene they have a lot of work to gather and process. The first initiative officer will turn the crime scene over to them. The investigator might be also in charge of giving out press information based on the crime scene. The first thing that they might observe is the possible of the scene being contaminated by the officers who arrived their initially. The crime scene must be organized, and controlled using the proper methods so that the suspect of the crime scene may be successfully captured (Police).. The investigator will meet with the lead detective and the first responding officer on scene. He or she will interview them the two people on information pertaining to the scene. The investigator will get an understanding on what happened, when it happened, and how the crime occurred. The information received, the investigator will combine his information with theirs and make a logical determination of what happen in the crime scene. The gathered information as if you were a judge to see if the facts and evidence will meet will support the conclusion of the scene (Police). The process of the crime scene investigation is when they receive a call to go to a crime scene. When you arrive at the scene, you will make a list of what is required for this particular crime. Every crime scene is different. As crime scene investigator, you will need to have enough police officers protecting the crime scene and yourself. The officer will have to make sure that no one who is not authorizes to enter the premises stays out. The responding officer or a designated person would be the recorder keeper of authorize personal who enter the crime scene. They would have to write down their name, ID number, date, time, and what department (Police). The crime scene investigator will start to take photographs from the outside. The will take pictures of the entire area. All angles will be necessary from across, behind, on top, and bottom of the crime scene. Pictures will be taken of the street names, numbers, the street itself, vehicles, and street light posts. The more pictures taken; the more evidence you have. Every picture taken should be accounted. A log will be helpful of keeping account of the pictures, what camera, lens and film being used. If video camera is used that is also should be logged into the log sheet. In addition, you may want to write down who had access to photos or video other than the crime scene investigator (Physical Evidence). Now, the crime scene investigator will take note on any damages or any property taken on the outside. All evidence will be taken into photography. Photography will be taken from all angles, close-up and from a distance. Any mark numbers and letters must be place in the one area and be able to fit in one photograph. Next, Diagrams will be made of the crime scene and where the evidence was found. Triangular, rectangular, and baseline diagrams will be made to show a rough measurement of where everything happened. The investigator is always to remember to record location, measurements, and the person who collected the information. The investigator will now move inside the premises of the crime area. The investigator has to make sure he has proper approval and if necessary a search warrant. When entering the premises, you may want to wear protective gear so that you will not contaminate the evidence. Protective gear may include gloves, head and shoe covers, jumpsuit, and a mask. When looking for evidence inside the area, avoid the place where you think the suspect has moved around. The investigator will have less cross contamination on the evidence. Area where the investigator will walk will be around the edges not of the middle of the scenery. They will take notice on the entry point and exit point of the suspect. They will make sure other detectives or investigators in the crime scene to walk in certain paths to not contaminate the crime scene (Police). The crime scene investigator will logically take photographs as he did outside into the interior of the crime scene. They will work either in the same direction or opposite direction in working the crime scene. The crime scene investigator will do the same procedures in all crime scenes. When taking photographs, the investigator will take photographs in a three dimensional way. Photographs will be taken of the floors, walls, and ceilings. Everything must be visible for evidence by taking photos of the four walls. One angle might not be enough to show the evidence needed. Multiple angles must be taken. With all the photos taken, the investigator will make a diagram of the crime scene. It is good to point out the major details of the crime scene such as furniture, entry and exit points, and the victim. Another way of recording evidence is through video camera. Taking video must be only of important video of the crime scene. It may be easier to take video in fifteen second intervals. The investigator will also take video from all angle of the crime scene. After they are done collecting evidence, they will go make another walk through to make sure no missing evidence pertaining to the crime scene. Collaboration with other crime scene investigators and detectives will be done to insure all evidence has been collected. Understanding of the Sources of Information In the line of an investigator, getting enough information is critical. Information can be from physical evidence, the crime scene, interviewing, and interrogations. Interview and interrogations are very different. Interviews are just to gather information of the crime. An interrogation is getting information based on the suspect being involved. An investigator need to know the difference so that the person being interviewed or interrogated will know if they in custody or being asked a few questions. Two key ways of getting information will be witnesses, and interviews (Berg). WitnessesA witness will help out a lot while investigating. When interviewing, there are ten basic steps. The steps are plan ahead, arrange for privacy, identify yourself properly, assemble case facts in advance, have an intentional direction, be timely, avoid interruptions, be a good listener, adjust language level, pace, and demeanor as necessary, and maintain rapport throughout the interview. There are many types of witness which may include willing witnesses, eyewitnesses, reluctant witnesses, silent or disinterested witnesses, unreliable witnesses, frightened witnesses, biased witness, hostile witnesses, timid witnesses and deceitful witnesses. An investigator may also deal with people of many different ages. The investigator will have to identify these witnesses, and if they are children, young adults, or mature adults. They will have different methods on the way they try to receive information and if the information is valid (Berg). Interviews At first, a rapport will be made by the investigator. A rapport is a relationship between the officer and the one being interview knowing theirs empathy. An interview may not exactly occur right after the crime due to the anxiety from the situation. Time is needed before interviewing. It has to be a respectful interview and listening very closely. There two ways to interview a person; cognitive and behavioral analysis. Cognitive interview is reconstructing the circumstances, reporting all information, recalling events in different orders, and changing perspectives. Behavioral analysis is just identifying the person body language to the truth (Berg). Conclusion In conclusion, criminal investigation is a long process of collecting information. They have the most important job. The process of collecting information is extensive. It is critical for them to collect all evidence so that the suspect may be apprehended and justice shall be served when in the court system. Information may be either through physical evidence, interviews, or witnesses (Berg). Works Cited Berg, Bruce L., John J. Horgan, and John J. Horgan. Criminal Investigation. New York, NY: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 1998. Print. Physical Evidence. Enotes.com. Enotes.com, n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2012. http://www.enotes.com/physical-evidence-reference/physical-evidence. Police: Criminal Investigations Sources Of Information And Evidence In Criminal Investigations. Physical, Crime, Polygraph, and Witnesses. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2012. http://law.jrank.org/pages/1656/Police-Criminal-Investigations-Sources-information-evidence-in-criminal-investigations.html.

Faded Glory :: essays papers

Faded Glory Hatred between two people who once thought they would spend their entire lives together, the separation of what once was thought of as the perfect family, a financial burden for a person who once considered themselves well off. Divorce is known for its’ power to rip apart even the most picture perfect family. The idea of living alone with no one to wake up to in the morning or no one to share your stories with after a hard days work. In short, divorce can seem like an eternal wreckage of everything a person ever worked for. Quite often, after signing the papers though it’s realized that the high expectations of hatred and loneliness have turned into a new outlook on life. This outlook puts hope and excitement back into a before, mundane life. Those endless nights of yelling and screaming have now been replaced with a peaceful nights sleep that leads to a new day that is even better than the one before. In short, a divorce can seem like a second chance at life. The re are three main areas to illustrate the positive image of divorce: new found happiness, individual freedom, and second chance at love. The first area to illustrate the positive image of divorce, as a second chance at life is ones new found happiness. Now that the worst half has been eliminated, one begins to realize that they have the time to do the things they like to do. No more, â€Å" Honey could you clean the kitchen for me.† or â€Å"Honey could you run to the grocery store for a few things.† Now ones new life consists of, â€Å"Can I get you another beer.† and all you can eat buffets. No longer does the new bachelor have to come home early so he can get a good nights rest to help provide for his beautiful bride. Nights now consist of hanging out with old friends and telling stories of when they were young and wild. That new car also helps to raise the spirits that the beautiful bride said was too expensive and not economical. In short, the now single guy is a tight- ropewalker without the net. The individual freedom is the second area used to illustrate this positive image as a second chance at life. This means no more waiting thirty minutes for the bride to get beautiful, just to go eat at Wendy’s, or having to stay up all night because she caught a cold.

Computerized Inventory System

II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­In this chapter, the students who are the developer of the system are going to tackle about the company’s main problem in its existing system and are also going to discuss the specific problem that causes the host company’s loss and incompetency to the market. The propose system that the students come up with will be discuss to maximize the competency of the host company along with the details, the scope and limitations, and the methodology used for the study.2.1.2 Problem Statement In this chapter the proponent will specify the general and specific problems of their company that has encounter through interview or observation.2.1.1 Major StatementHow to create a Computerized Sales and Inventory System for Alta School & Office Supply that will solve the major and minor problems of the store? Alta School & Office Supply using the manual system for the operation of the inventory and the cashier operator transacts all purchases using a cash register. The proponents decided then to develop a computer-based sales and inventory system that the store can use to be able to solve major and minor problems encountered when using a manual system in doing these operation.2.1.2 Minor StatementsHow to develop a module that will make the user easily find and validate returned products? Product returned include damage items when a product is returned, it should be accompanied with the receipt of the purchased product. Since only the product category and its price are indicated in the receipt, it would be hard for the manager to easily find and validate the product and the receipt so as to accept the return transaction.How to create a module that is enable to generate updated report such as the sales report and inventory report, as well as fast moving and slow moving products reports that is available anytime is needed? The store does not have an actual inventory report and their sales report are made and calculated just throug h the receipt from the cash register. The general manager cannot identify which products are fast moving and which are slow moving because the general manager cannot identify what specific products are commonly bought and what are not. Information for fast moving and slow moving items is essential so as to be aware of the products that need more attention in terms of the reordering of these products.How to create a module that is able to implement security with regards to the information and files so as to keep data integrity? Important documents can be altered since anyone can gain access to these documents. Another problem is regarding to cashier operators. Since there is no security with regards to who can use the cash registers unauthorized sales transactions may occur, thus resulting to loss of data integrity and reliability.II.1 Proposed Research ProjectII.1.1 General ObjectivesThe general objective of the study is to make a Computerized Sales and Inventory System for Alta Sch ool and Office Supply that will solve, improve the some features that can help of the store. The proponents will design and develop a Computer-based Sales and Inventory System for Alta School and Office Supply that will solve major and minor problems encountered in the current system used. This will eventually help the host company speed-up the process of the whole system. II.1.2 Specific ObjectivesTo develop a module that will organize the record of all the information about the system. In this statement the proponents need to organize the record of all the information about the system so that we can easily see all the information we need to see if it is necessary. Without organization the system will have corrupted files and revision would be impossible in the database.To develop a module that will compute the sales and record transaction for the amount product purchased, and the number available in the store. The proponents can improve the manual system for this module, computati on and recording to be faster and more accurate that will lessen human error and is  more reliable than the existing process.To create a module that will build a security that will protect the company’s confidential file. The proponents will develop a security to protect the feature where the data files and information will be secured from the unauthorized person and to avoid any of alteration of data files. The system cannot be used without any users, because it is required in the system.II.1.3 Scope and LimitationsThe Study is conducted to develop computerized sales and inventory system for Alta School & Office Supply. This computerized sales and inventory will ease the work of the persons involved in this system to minimize their tasks as well as to keep up with the technology nowadays. System proposed system is conducted to develop computerized sales and inventory system for Alta School & Office Supply.The computerized system will help minimize the problem encountered i n the existing manual system of the company as well as to keep up with technology nowadays. The proposed system will feature file maintenance module that allows editing, adding, and maintaining of information pertaining to the products, product’s category, suppliers, and system users. Returned product/s due to damage which is accepted for return or exchange can be easily validated through a reliable receipt that will indicate the store’s name, product name, product price and the date that purchased or date of transaction will be adjusted in a returns form.LimitationsThe system cannot provide a payment using credit cards. Obviously it is more profitable to have an online ordering but probably it cannot apply them online orders. The transaction or method cannot be converted in to a computerized system and can only be done manually such as evaluating the reports or suggesting an alternate product or any decision related problem.II.1.4 MethodologyThe proponent’s met hod in making the system is the Systems Development Life Cycle or simply SDLC is the methodology that we used in our system. It is the development cycle designed to give much faster. To be able to accomplish  the requirements of the proposed system, the proponents decided to use the System Development Life Cycle or simply SDLC and divided the cycle into five phases. The SDLC is a phased approach to analysis and design that hold that systems are best developed through the use of a specific cycle of analyst and user activities. Although each phase is presented discretely, the proponents did not intentionally make them as separate steps instead, several activities may occur concurrently, and activities may be repeated, because SDLC is more useful if it is applied as phases rather than in separate steps.Planning Priorities for system and projects; an architectures for data, networks, and selection hardware, and IS management are the result of associated systems; Detailed steps, or wor k plan, for project:Specification of system scope and planning and high level system requirements or features; Assignment of team members and other resources; System justification or business case.Analysis Description of current system and where problems or opportunities are with a general recommendation on how to fix, enhance, or replace current system; Explain of alterative systems and justification for chosen alterativeDesign Functional, detailed specifications of all system elements (data, processes, inputs, and outputs); Technical, detailed specification of all system elements (programs, files, network, system, software, etc.).Implementation Code, documentation, training procedures, and support capabilities.Maintenance New version or releases of software with associated updates to documentation, training, and support.

Types of Plays in the Ancient Roman Theater

Communism Only Works for Urban Society - 788 Words

The principle idea of communism is that everything is shared equally amongst the people; there is no ownership of land, private business, or sometimes even individual choice. People were generally assigned jobs that served the greater good of the country, and they had no choice in the matter. Food and property were things shared by the masses, nobody could own land, a farmer could not even keep the crops he tended to, and everything was evenly distributed. While communism can be successfully implemented in urban society, it is not meant for rural societies. After the Russian Revolution communist ideas began to spread throughout Russia. Many people supported these ideas, since Russia was struggling so much; people viewed this communist†¦show more content†¦The communist future that the peasants imagine is a bleak one, they would lose all independence that they currently have. They would have to share their hard earned crops with people that they don’t know, and they would lose all of their property so it could be used for the greater good. This communist future would not benefit rural communities like these. The shared property and food supply would destroy the delicate balance that these people keep between survival and starvation. The people need everything they can get, and the communist system just cannot supply them with all the things they need, nor can it make up for all the losses it caused them. Communism is completely impractical in a rural setting. Communism was initially spread and gained popularity in the cit ies of Russia. The people believed that it was a way out of their misery; they had been suffering for years from famine, disease, unemployment, and homelessness. When people like Lenin advocated the idea of equal sharing, the people were intrigued with the notion of equal possessions for all. Everybody would have food to eat, a roof over their heads, and most importantly, a job. The concept of communism worked well in the cities, since cities brought in all of their goods from outside sources, they wouldn’t share the problem with the rural communities that they wouldn’t be able to support themselves. AlsoShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Industrial Revolution, Capitalism, and Socialism810 Words   |  4 Pagescities to work in factories, and progress in medical and sanitation practices improved, urban crowding became a huge issue. Additionally, where industry was taking over production in markets that had previously been dominated by small business owners, these skilled workers, weavers and the like, were now being forced to take jobs working for capitalist ventures-- often working in the industry coinciding with their master skill, but being paid as unskilled workers. 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The Effects Of Factory Farming On The Health Of The...

Every year, an average American will consume approximately one hundred-twenty six pounds of meat. This meat can be traced back to factory farms where the animals are kept to be tortured to turn into a product for the appetite of humans. The terrible treatment these animals are forced to endure is the outcome of the greed and want for a faster production of their product. The industry of factory farming works to maximize the output of the meat while maintaining low costs,but will sadly always comes at the animals’ expense. The effects of factory farming is not worth the damage that is done to the health of the environment, animals, and people. The idea of a factory farm is to produce meat at a faster pace, but the way these companies accomplish this task makes life a living hell for the animals. For example, â€Å"They’re often given so little space that they can’t even turn around or lie down comfortably. Egg-laying hens are kept in small cages, chickens and pigs are kept in jam-packed sheds, and cows are kept on crowded, filthy feedlots†(Factory). The animals on these farms have to experience constant fear and agony, especially since most factory farmed animals will be genetically manipulated to grow larger or to produce more milk or eggs than they naturally would, and suffer severe pain throughout their entire life(Factory). Animals, especially cows, are being abused not only physically, but mentally as well.. For example, â€Å"just within hours of birth, calves are taken away fromShow MoreRelatedFactory Farming Should Be Banned1576 Words   |  7 Pagestortured animal.† says Ingrid Newkirk, co-founder of (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) PETA and animal activist. Factory farming should be banned or demolished thoroughly due to more harm than good that is being presented worldwide. 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Expansion Of Nato Essay Example For Students

Expansion Of Nato Essay NATO starts the year 2000 with the issue of concern. The European Allies defense capability, stabilization efforts in the Balkans, and relations with Russia are at the top of a highly charged agenda. In 1999 NATO accomplished many tasks, which were reviewed in the December 15th Washington Summit. They approved an updated Strategic Concept at the Washington Summit; admitted as new members the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland; contributed decisively, in particular through the conduct of their air campaign and the subsequent deployment of KFOR (NATO-led international peace force), to the international communitys objective of creating the basis for long-term peace and stability in Kosovo. What is NATO? NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The North Atlantic Treaty was signed in Washington on April 4th, 1949, creating an alliance of 12 independent nations committed to each others defense. Four more European nations later acceded to the Treaty between 1952 and 1982. The now 19 members of NATO include Belgium, Canada, *Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, *Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, *Poland, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom, and the United States. (*Members since March 12, 1999) These countries commit themselves to maintaining and developing their defense capabilities, individually, and collectively, providing the basis for collective defense planning. The Treaty also provides the framework for consultation between the member countries whenever they feel that their national security is at risk. Over the past few years, Russia and Ukraine have developed special independent relationships with the Alliance. This enables them to pursue, in different ways, cooperative programs on a wide range of practical security-related issues of benefit to their countries and to Europe as a whole. Both countries are members of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC). NATO continues to attach importance to discussions and practical co-operation with Russia. Their aim remains to establish a strong, stable and enduring partnership within the framework of the NATO-Russia Founding Act. NATO encourages Russia to resume co-operation on the broad range of issues foreseen in the Founding Act and to engage actively in the EAPC and the Partnership for Peace. NATO also emphasizes that the further development of their co-operation depends on Russias respect for international norms and obligations. There are still concerns about the conflict in Chechnya. NATO condemns, in particular, Russian threats against unarmed civilians, such as those in Grozny. They also condemn terrorism in all its forms but believe that Russias pursuit of a purely military solution to the conflict is undermining its objectives. NATO urges Russia to exercise the fullest restraint, to refrain from the use of force against civilians and protect their human rights, to facilitate the provision of humanitarian aid to those in need, and to co-operate fully with international relief agencies and to ensure security for their operations. Keeping in mind the importance of regional stability and respect for the territorial integrity and sovereignty of neighboring states, they are concerned about the impact of the crisis of the entire Caucasus region and stress the need to avoid steps that would further undermine regional security. Should NATO be open to expansion? NATO has always had an open door policy to the membership of new countries into the Alliance. In fact, NATO encourages countries to apply for membership. At the Washington Summit, NATO Heads of State and Government approved a Membership Action Plan (MAP) to reinforce NATOs commitment to the openness of the Alliance. The report to date says that they are pleased that the MAP process has made an effective start and met with a positive response of the nine aspiring countries. Candidates have submitted annual national programs that enable the Alliance to provide them with direct advice, feedback, and assistance on their preparations for possible future membership. .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f , .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f .postImageUrl , .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f , .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f:hover , .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f:visited , .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f:active { border:0!important; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f:active , .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u70316a27f27853881482e629cd91893f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Is Jay Gatsby Tragic? EssayAt the Washington Summit the leaders of NATO took steps necessary to ensure that the Alliance will remain the bedrock of its collective defense, and continue to play a key role in the development of a secure and stable peace in the Euro-Atlantic area. As NATO enters the 21st century, they can confidently say that they are ready for the future.